The mandate
Appointing the lead manager (see the parties involved) and, advised by them, choosing the size, structure and timing of the bond issue.
Due diligence
Providing and verifying all the information required for the issuer's listing document and the supporting documentation. Legal advisers lead this work.
Preparation
Preparing the documents including the information memorandum and listing particulars and presenting them to the UKLA and the Exchange.
Launch
With the due diligence and marketing completed, this is the official announcement of the bond issue when the lead manager invites the syndicate (see the parties involved) to participate in placing the bonds with investors.
Signing and closing
The signing is when an issuer and their advisers sign and execute all the documents. Shortly after this and the closing, the issuer receive the proceeds of their bond issue.
Secondary market trading
With the bonds now listed on the London Stock Exchange they are eligible to be traded by investors, either on the open market or, in the case of Eurobonds, by private deals between institutional investors.